• JACC Cardiovasc Interv · Dec 2016

    Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study

    Incidence, Characteristics, Predictors, and Outcomes of Repeat Revascularization After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention and Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: The SYNTAX Trial at 5 Years.

    • Catalina A Parasca, Stuart J Head, Milan Milojevic, Michael J Mack, Patrick W Serruys, Marie-Claude Morice, Friedrich W Mohr, Ted E Feldman, Antonio Colombo, Keith D Dawkins, David R Holmes, Pieter A Kappetein, and SYNTAX Investigators.
    • Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
    • JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2016 Dec 26; 9 (24): 2493-2507.

    ObjectivesThe study sought to determine the incidence, predictors, characteristics, and outcomes of repeat revascularization during 5-year follow-up of the SYNTAX (Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With TAXUS and Cardiac Surgery) trial.BackgroundLimited in-depth long-term data on repeat revascularization are available from randomized trials comparing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).MethodsIncidence and timing of repeat revascularization and its relation to the long-term composite safety endpoint of death, stroke, and myocardial infarction were analyzed in the SYNTAX trial (n = 1,800) using Kaplan-Meier analysis.ResultsAt 5 years, repeat revascularization occurred more often after initial PCI than after initial CABG (25.9% vs. 13.7%, respectively; p < 0.001), and more often consisted of multiple repeat revascularizations (9.0% vs. 2.8%, respectively; p = 0.022). Significantly more repeat PCI procedures were performed on de novo lesions in patients after initial PCI than initial CABG (33.3% vs. 13.4%, respectively; p < 0.001). At 5-year follow-up, patients who underwent repeat revascularization versus patients not undergoing repeat revascularization had significantly higher rates of the composite safety endpoint of death, stroke, and myocardial infarction after initial PCI (33.8% vs. 16.6%, respectively; p < 0.001), and a trend was found after initial CABG (22.4% vs. 15.8%, respectively; p = 0.07). After multivariate adjustment, repeat revascularization was an independent predictor of the composite safety endpoint after both initial PCI (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.2; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.6 to 3.0; p < 0.001) and initial CABG (HR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.2 to 2.9; p = 0.011).ConclusionsRepeat revascularization rates are significantly higher after initial PCI than after initial CABG for complex coronary disease. Repeat revascularization is an independent predictor of death, stroke, and myocardial infarction for myocardial revascularization.Copyright © 2016 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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