• Internal medicine · May 2021

    Case Reports

    Paraneoplastic Sensory Polyneuropathy Related to Anti-PD-L1-including Anticancer Treatment in a Patient with Lung Cancer.

    • Toshiki Morimoto, Takeshi Orihashi, Kei Yamasaki, Masahiro Tahara, Kaori Kato, and Kazuhiro Yatera.
    • Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kitakyushu General Hospital, Japan.
    • Intern. Med. 2021 May 15; 60 (10): 1577-1581.

    AbstractParaneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS), such as sensory polyneuropathy, are rare, and serum neuronal antibodies that are used for diagnosing this syndrome are occasionally positive. Similarly, neurological immune-related adverse events due to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are also rare. However, their etiologies and the relationship between them remain unclear. We herein report a patient with suspected small cell lung cancer who showed sensory polyneuropathy after treatment with atezolizumab in combination with cytotoxic agents (carboplatin and etoposide) and was doubly positive for serum anti-Hu and anti-SOX-1 antibodies. Treatment with ICI and cytotoxic agents may sometimes lead to the development of PNS.

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