• Hamid Jafari, Jagadish M Deshpande, Roland W Sutter, Sunil Bahl, Harish Verma, Mohammad Ahmad, Abhishek Kunwar, Rakesh Vishwakarma, Ashutosh Agarwal, Shilpi Jain, Concepcion Estivariz, Raman Sethi, Natalie A Molodecky, Nicholas C Grassly, Mark A Pallansch, Arani Chatterjee, and R Bruce Aylward.
• World Health Organization, India-National Polio Surveillance Project, R. K. Khanna Stadium, Africa Avenue, Safdarjung Enclave, New Delhi 110029, India.
• Science. 2014 Aug 22; 345 (6199): 922-5.

AbstractInactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) is efficacious against paralytic disease, but its effect on mucosal immunity is debated. We assessed the efficacy of IPV in boosting mucosal immunity. Participants received IPV, bivalent 1 and 3 oral poliovirus vaccine (bOPV), or no vaccine. A bOPV challenge was administered 4 weeks later, and excretion was assessed 3, 7, and 14 days later. Nine hundred and fifty-four participants completed the study. Any fecal shedding of poliovirus type 1 was 8.8, 9.1, and 13.5% in the IPV group and 14.4, 24.1, and 52.4% in the control group by 6- to 11-month, 5-year, and 10-year groups, respectively (IPV versus control: Fisher's exact test P < 0.001). IPV reduced excretion for poliovirus types 1 and 3 between 38.9 and 74.2% and 52.8 and 75.7%, respectively. Thus, IPV in OPV-vaccinated individuals boosts intestinal mucosal immunity. Copyright © 2014, American Association for the Advancement of Science.

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