• Raf H Mens, Miranda L van Hooff, Ruth E Geuze, Maarten Spruit, Philip P Horsting, Marinus de Kleuver, and de KlerkLuuk W LLWLDepartment of Orthopedics, Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmegen, The Netherlands..
• Department of Orthopedics, Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
• Eur Spine J. 2021 Mar 1; 30 (3): 759-767.

PurposeFor fusion surgery in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) consensus exists that a 2-year radiographic follow-up assessment is needed. This standard lacks empirical evidence. The purpose of this study was to investigate the radiographic follow-up after corrective surgery in AIS, from pre-until 2 years postoperative.MethodsIn this historical cohort study, 63 patients surgically treated for AIS, age ≤ 25 years, with 2-year radiographic follow-up, were enrolled. The primary outcome measure was the major Cobb angle. Secondary outcomes were coronal and sagittal spino-pelvic parameters, including proximal junction kyphosis (PJK) and distal adding-on. Change over time was analyzed using a repeated measures ANOVA.ResultsThe major curve Cobb angle showed a statistically significant change for pre- to 1 year postoperative, but not for 1- to 2-year follow-up. Seven out of 63 patients did show a change exceeding the error of measurement (5°) from 1- to 2-year follow-up (range -8° to +7°), of whom 2 patients showed curve progression and 5 showed improvement. PJK or distal adding-on was not observed.ConclusionsNo statistically significant changes in major curve Cobb angle were found during postsurgical follow-up, or in adjacent non-fused segments. The findings of this study are not supportive for routine radiographs 2 years after fusion surgery in AIS patients.

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