• Satoshi Koyama, Koichiro Gibo, Yutaka Yamaguchi, and Masashi Okubo.
• Department of Emergency Medicine, Okinawa Prefectural Chubu Hospital, Uruma, Okinawa, Japan satoshi.koyama222@gmail.com.
• BMJ Open. 2019 Nov 24; 9 (11): e033919.

ObjectivesPatient outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) varies at multilevel (geographical regions, emergency medical service agencies and receiving hospitals) in the USA. However, it remains unclear whether there is a variation in patient outcomes after OHCA between relevant units of the healthcare system such as receiving hospitals in Japan. Therefore, we aimed to quantify the variation in patient outcomes after OHCA between receiving hospitals in Japan.DesignSecondary analysis of the prospective multicentre OHCA registry.SettingThe Japan Association for Acute Medicine OHCA Registry, a prospective multicentre OHCA registry, including 73 medical institutions in Japan.Participants9303 adults (≥18 years old) with OHCA of medical origin, treated at 67 hospitals from June 2014 to December 2015.Primary And Secondary Outcome MeasuresThe primary outcome was 1-month survival after OHCA. The secondary outcome was favourable functional status at 1 month, defined as cerebral performance category scale 1 or 2. We constructed a series of multivariable hierarchical logistic regression models predicting outcomes, accounting for patient-level variables and clustering of patients within hospitals. We evaluated the adjusted 1-month survival and functional outcome for each hospital, ranked hospitals for each outcome and calculated median ORs (MORs) to quantify the between-hospital variation in outcomes.ResultsThe prevalence of 1-month survival after OHCA was 7.1% (663/9303) and that of favourable functional outcome was 3.6% (331/9303). After adjustment for patient-level factors, we observed variations in 1-month survival (range, 1.6%-13.8%; adjusted MOR 1.34; 95% CI 1.16 to 1.67) and favourable functional outcome (range, 0.7%-7.3%; adjusted MOR 1.53; 95% CI 1.10 to 2.24) between hospitals.ConclusionsWe found substantial variations in patient outcomes after OHCA within a large group of hospitals in Japan, despite adjustment for patient factors that are known to be associated with different outcomes.© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

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