• Akihito Shinohara, Kumi Oshima, Shigeo Fuji, Katsutsugu Umeda, Shinichi Kako, Mineo Kurokawa, Nobuhiro Tsukada, Masanobu Kasai, Takakazu Kondo, Yoshiko Hashii, Hirohisa Nakamae, Kazuhiro Ikegame, Yoshiyuki Kosaka, Akira Shimada, Yuichiro Nawa, Yoshimitsu Makoto, Atsuta Yoshiko, Takahiro Fukuda, Junji Tanaka, and Masao Ogata.
• Department of Hematology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: sinohaa-tky@umin.ac.jp.
• Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 2020 Jan 1; 26 (1): 66-75.

AbstractLittle is known about stem cell transplantation in solid organ transplantation (SOT) recipients. We conducted a nationwide retrospective survey of Japan Society for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation centers. A total of 19 patients who underwent 22 hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (HSCTs) after SOT were identified: 5 autologous HSCTs and 17 allogeneic HSCTs were performed. Patients who underwent autologous HSCT received a liver (n = 4) or kidney (n = 1) transplant. All 5 patients achieved neutrophil engraftment, and 2 of 3 patients with hepatoblastoma were alive at 1 year after HSCT. Allogeneic HSCT was performed in 16 patients (7 liver transplant recipients and 9 kidney transplant recipients). Among these, 2 donors were identical for both transplantations. All but 1 patient achieved neutrophil engraftment. The 5-year overall survival rate was 41.7%, but that in patients with malignant disease (n = 13) was much lower than the overall rate (23.1%). Only 1 patient with malignant disease underwent allogeneic HSCT in nonremission. In allogeneic HSCT after kidney transplantation, post-transplantation (1 year) kidney function in 5 evaluable patients was significantly lower than that before allogeneic HSCT, and 3 patients experienced renal rejection. However, no severe hepatic rejection was noted. In SOT recipients, HSCT is a potentially curable treatment for hematologic disorders, but it must be performed with caution, especially in patients with malignancy.Copyright © 2019 American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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