• C-H Liang, Y-C Liu, M-T Wu, F Garcia-Castro, A Alberich-Bayarri, and F-Z Wu.
• Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
• Clin Radiol. 2020 Jan 1; 75 (1): 38-45.

AimTo test the diagnostic performance of a deep learning-based system for the detection of clinically significant pulmonary nodules/masses on chest radiographs.Materials And MethodsUsing a retrospective study of 100 patients (47 with clinically significant pulmonary nodules/masses and 53 control subjects without pulmonary nodules), two radiologists verified clinically significantly pulmonary nodules/masses according to chest computed tomography (CT) findings. A computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) software using a deep-learning approach was used to detect pulmonary nodules/masses to determine the diagnostic performance in four algorithms (heat map, abnormal probability, nodule probability, and mass probability).ResultsA total of 100 cases were included in the analysis. Among the four algorithms, mass algorithm could achieve a 76.6% sensitivity (36/47, 11 false negative) and 88.68% specificity (47/53, six false-positive) in the detection of pulmonary nodules/masses at the optimal probability score cut-off of 0.2884. Compared to the other three algorithms, mass probability algorithm had best predictive ability for pulmonary nodule/mass detection at the optimal probability score cut-off of 0.2884 (AUCMass: 0.916 versus AUCHeat map: 0.682, p<0.001; AUCMass: 0.916 versus AUCAbnormal: 0.810, p=0.002; AUCMass: 0.916 versus AUCNodule: 0.813, p=0.014).ConclusionIn conclusion, the deep-learning based computer-aided diagnosis system will likely play a vital role in the early detection and diagnosis of pulmonary nodules/masses on chest radiographs. In future applications, these algorithms could support triage workflow via double reading to improve sensitivity and specificity during the diagnostic process.Copyright © 2019 The Royal College of Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

28 keywords...

hide…