• D J Anderson, K Najafi, S J Tanghe, D A Evans, K L Levy, J F Hetke, X L Xue, J J Zappia, and K D Wise.
• IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 1989 Jul 1; 36 (7): 693-704.

AbstractSilicon micromachining and thin-film technology have been employed to fabricate iridium stimulating arrays which can be used to excite discrete volumes of the central nervous system. Silicon multichannel probes with thicknesses ranging from 1 to 40 microns and arbitrary two-dimensional shapes can be fabricated using a high-yield, circuit-compatible process. Iridium stimulating sites are shown to have similar characteristics to iridium wire electrodes. Accelerated pulse testing with over 8 million 100 microA biphasic current pulses on 8000 microns 2 sites has demonstrated the long-term stability of iridium and activated iridium sites. In vivo tests have been performed in the central auditory pathways to demonstrate neural activation using the devices. These tests show a selective activation both as a function of site separation and site size.

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