• Caroline Gronnier, Boris Tréchot, Alain Duhamel, Jean-Yves Mabrut, Jean-Pierre Bail, Nicolas Carrere, Jérémie H Lefevre, Cécile Brigand, Jean-Christophe Vaillant, Mustapha Adham, Simon Msika, Nicolas Demartines, Issam El Nakadi, Guillaume Piessen, Bernard Meunier, Denis Collet, Christophe Mariette, FREGAT Working Group-FRENCH-AFC, Guillaume Luc, Magalie Cabau, Jacques Jougon, Bogdan Badic, Patrick Lozach, Serge Cappeliez, Gil Lebreton, Arnaud Alves, Renaud Flamein, Denis Pezet, Federica Pipitone, Bogdan Stan Iuga, Nicolas Contival, Eric Pappalardo, Styliani Mantziari, Flora Hec, Marguerite Vanderbeken, Williams Tessier, Nicolas Briez, Fabien Fredon, Alain Gainant, Muriel Mathonnet, Jean-Marc Bigourdan, Salim Mezoughi, Christian Ducerf, Jacques Baulieux, Arnaud Pasquer, Oussama Baraket, Gilles Poncet, Delphine Vaudoyer, Jourdan Enfer, Laurent Villeneuve, Olivier Glehen, Thibault Coste, Jean Michel Fabre, Frédéric Marchal, Romain Frisoni, Ahmet Ayav, Laurent Brunaud, Laurent Bresler, Charlotte Cohen, Olivier Aze, Nicolas Venissac, Daniel Pop, Jérôme Mouroux, Ion Donici, Michel Prudhomme, Emanuele Felli, Stéphanie Lisunfui, Marie Seman, Gaelle Godiris Petit, Mehdi Karoui, Christophe Tresallet, Fabrice Ménégaux, Laurent Hannoun, Brice Malgras, Denis Lantuas, Karine Pautrat, Marc Pocard, and Patrice Valleur.
• *Department of Digestive and Oncological Surgery, Claude Huriez University Hospital, Lille, France †North of France University, Lille, France ‡Inserm, UMR837, Team 5 "Mucines Epithelial Differentiation and Carcinogenesis," JPARC, Lille, France §SIRIC OncoLille, France ¶Department of Biostatistics, University Hospital, Lille, France ‖Department of Digestive Surgery of Croix-Rousse University Hospital, Lyon, France **Cavale Blanche University Hospital, Brest, France ††Purpan University Hospital, Toulouse, France ‡‡Saint Antoine University Hospital, Paris, France §§Hautepierre University Hospital, Strasbourg, France ¶¶Pitié-Salpétrière University Hospital, Paris, France ‖‖Edouard Herriot University Hospital, Lyon, France ***Louis Mourier University Hospital, Colombes, France †††Vaudois University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland ‡‡‡ULB-Erasme-Bordet University Hospital, Bruxelles, Belgium §§§Pontchaillou University Hospital, Rennes, France ¶¶¶Haut-Levêque University Hospital, Bordeaux, France.
• Ann. Surg.. 2014 Nov 1;260(5):764-70; discussion 770-1.

ObjectivesTo assess the impact of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) on anastomotic leakage (AL) and other postoperative outcomes after esophageal cancer (EC) resection.BackgroundConflicting data have emerged from randomized studies regarding the impact of NCRT on AL.MethodsAmong 2944 consecutive patients operated on for EC between 2000 and 2010 in 30 European centers, patients treated by NCRT after surgery (n=593) were compared with those treated by primary surgery (n=1487). Multivariable analyses and propensity score matching were used to compensate for the differences in some baseline characteristics.ResultsPatients in the NCRT group were younger, with a higher prevalence of male sex, malnutrition, advanced tumor stage, squamous cell carcinoma, and surgery after 2005 when compared with the primary surgery group. Postoperative AL rates were 8.8% versus 10.6% (P=0.220), and 90-day postoperative mortality and morbidity rates were 9.3% versus 7.2% (P=0.110) and 33.4% versus 32.1% (P=0.564), respectively. Pulmonary complication rates did not differ between groups (24.6% vs 22.5%; P=0.291), whereas chylothorax (2.5% vs 1.2%; P=0.020), cardiovascular complications (8.6% vs 0.1%; P=0.037), and thromboembolic events (8.6% vs 6.0%; P=0.037) were higher in the NCRT group. After propensity score matching, AL rates were 8.8% versus 11.3% (P=0.228), with more chylothorax (2.5% vs 0.7%; P=0.030) and trend toward more cardiovascular and thromboembolic events in the NCRT group (P=0.069). Predictors of AL were high American Society of Anesthesiologists scores, supracarinal tumoral location, and cervical anastomosis, but not NCRT.ConclusionsNeoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy does not have an impact on the AL rate after EC resection (NCT 01927016).

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