• Song Liu, Yanbin Zhu, Wei Chen, Tao Sun, Jiaxiang Cheng, and Yingze Zhang.
• Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The 3rd Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.
• Clin Rehabil. 2015 Mar 1; 29 (3): 285-94.

ObjectivesTo achieve a quantitative and comprehensive conclusion concerning the risk factors for the second contralateral hip fracture in elderly patients with initial hip fractures.Data SourcesThis search was applied to Medline, Embase, Cochrane central database (all up to April 2014).MethodsAll the studies on bilateral hip fractures in elderly patients published in English were reviewed and qualities of included studies were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. All the data were carefully and independently abstracted by two reviewers, any disagreement was settled by discussion. Data was pooled and a meta-analysis completed.ResultsA total of 13 case-control studies were identified for the meta-analysis. The significant risk factors were female (odds ratio (OR), 1.30; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02-1.64), living in institutions (OR, 2.53; 95% CI, 1.33-4.85), osteoporosis (OR, 10.02; 95% CI, 5.41-18.57), low vision (OR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.06-4.12), dementia (OR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.54-2.65), dizziness (OR, 2.87; 95% CI, 1.42-5.87) cardiac diseases (OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.00-1.78) and respiration diseases (OR, 2.58; 95% CI, 1.22-5.47). No significant difference was found in admission age between patients with the unilateral hip fracture and the first hip fracture of bilateral hip groups (standardized mean difference, 0.02, 95% CI, -0.30 to 0.35].ConclusionsPatients involved with female, living in institutions, osteoporosis, low vision, dizziness, dementia, respiration diseases and cardiac diseases were at risk for a second contralateral hip fracture after the initial hip fracture.© The Author(s) 2014.

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