• Joanna Gariani, Olwen Westerland, Sarah Natas, Hema Verma, Gary Cook, and Vicky Goh.
• Cancer Imaging, Division of Imaging Sciences & Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, United Kingdom; Division of Radiology, Department of Imaging and Medical Information Sciences, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
• Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 2018 Apr 1; 124: 66-72.

ObjectivesTo undertake a systematic review to determine the diagnostic performance of whole body MRI (WBMRI) including diffusion weighted sequences (DWI) compared to whole body computed tomography (WBCT) or 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT (18F-FDG PET/CT) in patients with myeloma.MethodsTwo researchers searched the primary literature independently for WBMRI studies of myeloma. Data were extracted focusing on the diagnostic ability of WBMRI versus WBCT and 18F-FDG PET/CT. Meta-analysis was intended.Results6 of 2857 articles were eligible that included 147 patients, published from 2008 to 2016. Studies were heterogeneous including both newly diagnosed & relapsed patients. All were single centre studies. Four of the six studies (66.7%) accrued prospectively and 5/6 (83.3%, 3 prospective) included WBMRI and 18F-FDG PET/CT. Three of seven (42.9%) included DWI. The lack of an independent reference standard for individual lesions was noted in 5/6 (83.3%) studies. Studies reported that WBMRI detected more lesions than 18F-FDG PET/CT (sensitivity 68-100% versus 47-100%) but was less specific (specificity 37-83% versus 62-85.7%). No paper assessed impact on management.ConclusionsStudies were heterogeneous, the majority lacking an independent reference standard. Future prospective trials should address these limitations and assess the impact of WBMRI on management.Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier B.V.

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