• Matern Child Health J · Dec 2018

    The Relationship Between the Patient-Centered Medical Homes, Healthcare Expenditures, and Quality of Care Among Children with Special Health Care Needs.

    • Chia-Wei Lin, John A Romley, and Caroline Carlin.
    • Leonard D. Schaeffer Center for Health Policy & Economics, University of Southern California, 635 Downey Way, Suite 210, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-3333, USA.
    • Matern Child Health J. 2018 Dec 1; 22 (12): 1751-1760.

    AbstractObjectives To examine the association between having a patient-centered medical home (PCMH) and healthcare expenditures and quality of care for children with special health care needs (CSHCN). Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 8802 CSHCN using the 2008-2012 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. A PCMH indicator was constructed from survey responses. Inverse probability treatment weighting was applied to balance the cohort. CSHCN's annual health care expenditures and quality were analyzed using two-part and logistic models, respectively. Results Covariate-adjusted annual total expenditures were similar between CSHCN with and without a PCMH ($4267 vs. $3957, p = 0.285). CSHCN with a PCMH had higher odds of incurring expenditure (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.22-2.25)-in particular, office-based services and prescriptions (OR 1.46 and 1.36, 95% CI 1.24-1.72 and 1.17-1.58, respectively)-compared to those without a PCMH, without shifting expenditures. When examined in detail, PCMH was associated with lower odds of accessing office-based mental health services (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.66-0.96), leading to lower expenditures ($106 vs. $137; p = 0.046). PCMH was associated with higher odds of post-operation and immunization visits (OR 1.23 and 1.22, 95% CI 1.05-1.45 and 1.004-1.48, respectively) without changing expenditures. Parents of CSHCN with a PCMH were more likely to report having the best health care quality (OR 2.33, p < 0.001). Conclusions CSHCN who had a PCMH experienced better health care quality and were more likely to access preventive services, with unchanged expenditures. However, they were less likely to use mental health services in office-based settings. As the effects of PCMH varied across services for CSHCN, more research is warranted.

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