• Alexander Mark Weber, Noam Soreni, and Michael David Noseworthy.
• School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
• Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry. 2014 Aug 4; 53: 129-36.

BackgroundEvidence suggests that obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with a dysfunction in the cortico-striatal-thalamic-cortical (CSTC) circuitry. Resting state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fcMRI) allows measurements of resting state networks (RSNs), brain networks that are present at 'rest'. However, although OCD has a typical onset during childhood or adolescence, only two other studies have performed rs-fcMRI comparisons of RSNs in children and adolescents with OCD against healthy controls.MethodsIn the present study, we performed resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging using a 3 Tesla MRI, in 11 medication-naïve children and adolescents with OCD and 9 healthy controls. In contrast to previous studies that relied on a priori determination of RSNs, we determined resting state functional connectivity with a data-driven independent component analysis (ICA).ResultsConsistent with previous reports in healthy adults, we identified 13 RSNs. Case-control un-adjusted statistical significance (p<0.05) was found for two networks. Firstly, increased connectivity (OCD>control) in the right section of Brodmann area 43 of the auditory network; Secondly, decreased connectivity in the right section of Brodmann area 8 and Brodmann area 40 in the cingulate network.ConclusionsOur preliminary findings of case-control differences in RSNs lend further support to the CSTC hypothesis of OCD, as well as implicating other regions of the brain outside of the CSTC.Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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