• Yu Han, Lin-Feng Yan, Xi-Bin Wang, Ying-Zhi Sun, Xin Zhang, Zhi-Cheng Liu, Hai-Yan Nan, Yu-Chuan Hu, Yang Yang, Jin Zhang, Ying Yu, Qian Sun, Qiang Tian, Bo Hu, Gang Xiao, Wen Wang, and Guang-Bin Cui.
• Department of Radiology & Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Lab of Shaanxi Province, Tangdu Hospital, the Military Medical University of PLA Airforce (Fourth Military Medical University), 569 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, 710038, China.
• Bmc Cancer. 2018 Feb 21; 18 (1): 215.

BackgroundThe methylation status of oxygen 6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter has been associated with treatment response in glioblastoma(GBM). Using pre-operative MRI techniques to predict MGMT promoter methylation status remains inconclusive. In this study, we investigated the value of features from structural and advanced imagings in predicting the methylation of MGMT promoter in primary glioblastoma patients.MethodsNinety-two pathologically confirmed primary glioblastoma patients underwent preoperative structural MR imagings and the efficacy of structural image features were qualitatively analyzed using Fisher's exact test. In addition, 77 of the 92 patients underwent additional advanced MRI scans including diffusion-weighted (DWI) and 3-diminsional pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (3D pCASL) imaging. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) values within the manually drawn region-of-interest (ROI) were calculated and compared using independent sample t test for their efficacies in predicting MGMT promoter methylation. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was used to investigate the predicting efficacy with the area under the curve (AUC) and cross validations. Multiple-variable logistic regression model was employed to evaluate the predicting performance of multiple variables.ResultsMGMT promoter methylation was associated with tumor location and necrosis (P <  0.05). Significantly increased ADC value (P <  0.001) and decreased rCBF (P <  0.001) were associated with MGMT promoter methylation in primary glioblastoma. The ADC achieved the better predicting efficacy than rCBF (ADC: AUC, 0.860; sensitivity, 81.1%; specificity, 82.5%; vs rCBF: AUC, 0.835; sensitivity, 75.0%; specificity, 78.4%; P = 0.032). The combination of tumor location, necrosis, ADC and rCBF resulted in the highest AUC of 0.914.ConclusionADC and rCBF are promising imaging biomarkers in clinical routine to predict the MGMT promoter methylation in primary glioblastoma patients.

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