• Jose R Cepeda Brito, Patrick G Hughes, Kimberly S Firestone, Fabiana Ortiz Figueroa, Karan Johnson, Terra Ruthenburg, Robyn McKinney, M David Gothard, and Rami Ahmed.
• Summa Health System, Akron, Ohio (Drs Cepeda Brito, Hughes, Figueroa, and Ahmed); Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, Ohio (Mss Firestone, Johnson, Ruthenburg, McKinney); and BIOSTATS, Data Analysis for Clinical Research Studies (Dr Gothard).
• Adv Neonatal Care. 2017 Oct 1; 17 (5): 354-361.

BackgroundStructured training courses have shown to improve patient outcomes; however, guidelines are inconsistently applied in up to 50% of all neonatal resuscitations. This is partly due to the fact that psychomotor skills needed for resuscitation decay within 6 months to a year from the completion of a certification course. Currently, there are no recommendations on how often refresher training should occur to prevent skill decay.PurposeImprove provider proficiency and confidence in the performance of neonatal resuscitation with a focus on chest compression effectiveness.MethodsThe study recruited neonatal intensive care unit providers (n = 25). A simulation-based Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP) curriculum was developed and executed. Training sessions were delivered utilizing in situ simulations at varying time intervals. Pre- and postconfidence surveys and practicum skill scores were collected and evaluated by a content expert. Categorical data were summarized by frequency and percentage and tested for distributional equality via Pearson chi-square tests or Fisher exact tests depending on cell sample size distribution. All statistical tests were 2-sided with P < .05 considered statistically significant.ResultsProvider overall confidence and rate of chest compressions improved; however, there was no statistically significant difference between groups. Rolling refresher training at varied time intervals did not demonstrate statistically significant differences in chest compression quality among NRP providers.Implications For PracticeRolling refresher training more frequently than every 6 months may not provide added benefit to NRP providers.Implications For ResearchAdditional research is needed to determine optimal refresher training frequency to prevent skill decay.

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