• E Mark Haacke, Saifeng Liu, Sagar Buch, Weili Zheng, Dongmei Wu, and Yongquan Ye.
• Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA; School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: nmrimaging@aol.com.
• Magn Reson Imaging. 2015 Jan 1; 33 (1): 1-25.

AbstractQuantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is a new technique for quantifying magnetic susceptibility. It has already found various applications in quantifying in vivo iron content, calcifications and changes in venous oxygen saturation. The accuracy of susceptibility mapping is dependent on several factors. In this review, we evaluate the entire process of QSM from data acquisition to individual data processing steps. We also show preliminary results of several new concepts introduced in this review in an attempt to improve the quality and accuracy for certain steps. The uncertainties in estimating susceptibility differences using susceptibility maps, phase images, and T2* maps are analyzed and compared. Finally, example clinical applications are presented. We conclude that QSM holds great promise in quantifying iron and becoming a standard clinical tool. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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