• Jordi Perez, Michael Gofeld, Suzanne Leblang, Arik Hananel, Ron Aginsky, Johnny Chen, Jean-Francois Aubry, and Yoram Shir.
• McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
• Pain Med. 2022 Jan 3; 23 (1): 677567-75.

ObjectiveTo investigate the safety and feasibility of a fluoroscopy-guided, high-intensity focused ultrasound system for zygapophyseal joint denervation as a treatment for chronic low back pain.MethodsThe clinical pilot study was performed on 10 participants diagnosed with lumbar zygapophyseal joint syndrome. Each participant had a documented positive response to a diagnostic block or a previous, clinically beneficial radiofrequency ablation. For a descriptive study, the primary outcome was the safety question. All device- or procedure-related adverse events were collected. Secondary outcome variables included the average numeric rating scale for pain, the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire, the Brief Pain Inventory, the Patient Global Impression of Change, the morphine equivalent dose, and the finding of the neurological examination.ResultsAll participants tolerated the procedure well with no significant device- or procedure-related adverse events; there was one episode of transient pain during the procedure. The average numeric rating scale score for pain decreased from 6.2 at baseline to 2.1 (n = 10) after 1 month, 4.9 (n = 9) after 3 months, 3.0 (n = 8) after 6 months, and 3.0 (n = 6) after 12 months. The ratio of participants who were considered a treatment success was 90% at 1 month, 50% at 3 months, 60% at 6 months, and 40% at 12 months.ConclusionsThe first clinical pilot study using a noninvasive, fluoroscopy-guided, high-intensity focused ultrasound lumbar zygapophyseal neurotomy resulted in no significant device- or procedure-related adverse events and achieved clinical success comparable with that of routine radiofrequency ablation.© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Academy of Pain Medicine.

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