• Int. J. Urol. · Sep 2021

    Multicenter Study

    An Italian multicenter analysis of emergency admissions and treatment of upper tract urolithiasis during the lockdown and reopening phases of the COVID-19 pandemic: Are we ready for a second wave of the outbreak?

    • Daniele Castellani, Mauro Ragonese, Mirko Di Rosa, Vittorio Marzio, Luca Di Gianfrancesco, Pierfrancesco Bassi, Mauro De Dominicis, Marco Dellabella, and Michele Antonucci.
    • Department of Urology, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy.
    • Int. J. Urol. 2021 Sep 1; 28 (9): 950-954.

    ObjectivesTo assess if the lockdown period (March-April 2020) during the coronavirus disease-19 outbreak in Italy influenced the number, presentation, and treatment of urgent admissions to the emergency department for ureteral lithiasis, and to evaluate the same variables during the reopening phase (May-June 2020).MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of patients admitted to the emergency department of three different hospitals (two coronavirus disease-19 hubs). Demographics and data on acute pyelonephritis, acute kidney injury, urinoma, hematuria, inpatient admission/discharge home, and type of treatment were gathered and compared with the same periods in 2019.ResultsA total of 516 patients were admitted during the study period, of whom 62.4% were male. Their mean age was 58.86 ± 16.24 years. The number of admissions decreased significantly, by 51.25% (P = 0.003), during lockdown compared to 2019 (78 vs 160 admissions). The number of admissions in the reopening phase (May-June 2020) was in line with that in 2019 (n = 138). The number of hospitalizations (P = 0.005), acute obstructive pyelonephritis (P = 0.019), and complications (P = 0.02) was statistically significantly higher during lockdown compared to 2019. The increase in the rate of surgical procedures nearly reached significance (P = 0.059). The odds of having complications and being hospitalized were almost fivefold (odds ratio 4.68, 95% confidence interval 1.98-11.07) and twofold greater (odds ratio 2.39, 95% confidence interval 1.29-4.43) compared to the same period in 2019. No difference was noted between May-June 2020 and 2019.ConclusionThe coronavirus disease-19 lockdown period provoked a meaningful reduction in symptomatic ureteral lithiasis admission. Most patients presented with complicated disease, which required an increased rate of interventional procedures compared to the equivalent period in 2019. Admissions reverted to normal levels during the reopening phase.© 2021 The Japanese Urological Association.

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