• Lei Ning, Jungao Zhu, Shen Tian, Ziang Hu, Chao Liu, Xiangde Zhao, Xiang Li, Shunwu Fan, and Shuanglin Wan.
• Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China.
• Pain Physician. 2021 Sep 1; 24 (6): E803-E810.

BackgroundPercutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) is a widely accepted surgical treatment modality for painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. The risk factors cause of subsequent vertebral fractures after PKP are debated.ObjectivesTo evaluate risk factors for the occurrence of new vertebral compression fractures after PKP.Study DesignA retrospective study.SettingA single-center inpatient population.MethodsA total of 921 patients (1,152 vertebrae) with PKP were investigated. Among those patients, 111 patients (155 levels) incurred refractures after PKP.ResultsThe average bone mineral density was -3.27 in the "refracture"group and -3.00 in the "no fracture" group (P = 0.031). Morbidities of women were significantly higher in the "refracture" group (90.99%) compared with the "no fracture" group (81.73%) (P = 0.015). Among the basic diseases, several diseases (history of previously fracture, previously osteoporosis, gallstone disease, stomach disease, and ovariectomy) are associated with refractures after PKP (P < 0.05). And antiosteoporotic treatment (calcium + vitamin D or zoledronate) after PKP can also significantly reduce the occurrence of refracture (P < 0.000). In addition, logistic regression analysis also showed that most of the above contents had significant correlation with the refracture after PKP (P < 0.05), except for gallstone disease (P = 0.362).LimitationsRetrospective study, single center.ConclusionOsteoporosis is the main cause of refracture after PKP. Elderly women were found to be more susceptible than elderly men to refracture. Patients with a history of previously fracture, previously osteoporosis, stomach ulcer, and ovariectomy are more likely to be refracture. Antiosteoporosis treatment (calcium + vitamin D or zoledronate) after PKP can reduce the risk of refracture.

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