• Shunya Tanaka, Tsutomu Hitotsumatsu, Yasuo Sugita, Katsuya Ishido, Osamu Ito, Ryusuke Hatae, Yojiro Akagi, Koji Yoshimoto, and Koji Iihara.
• Department of Neurosurgery, Stroke and Neurological Center, Shin-Koga Hospital, Kurume, Japan.
• Pathol. Int. 2018 Oct 1; 68 (10): 567-573.

AbstractGliosarcomas are a type of bimorphic tumor composed of glial and sarcomatous elements, and are considered to be a variant of glioblastoma, WHO grade IV. To date, only rare cases of gliosarcoma with oligodendroglial components (oligosarcoma) have been reported. We report a case of oligosarcoma consisting of gliosarcoma arising from recurrent oligodendroglioma. A 53-year-old man, who had undergone a gross total resection of oligodendroglioma (WHO grade II) 11 years earlier, presented with a local tumor recurrence. The patient underwent a second gross total resection, whereupon a histopathological examination further revealed residual features of classical oligodendroglioma, and newly-developed sarcomatous characteristics. Both the primary and recurrent tumors showed 1p/19q co-deletion and mutation of the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) gene, consistent with being oligodendroglial in nature. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of chromosome 1p/19q and IDH1 mutation have seldom been analyzed in previous reports of oligosarcomas. We report a rare case study supported by the results of genetic analyses. Our analyses have revealed that the sarcomatous component represents a metaplastic change occurring in the oligodendroglial element.© 2018 Japanese Society of Pathology and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.

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