• Internal medicine · Feb 2019

    Case Reports

    Fatal Chronic Active Epstein-Barr Virus Infection in a Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient Treated with Abatacept.

    • Akio Kawabe, Kazuhisa Nakano, Hiroko Miyata, Ryo Shibuya, Atsuji Matsuyama, Takaaki Ogoshi, and Yoshiya Tanaka.
    • The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan.
    • Intern. Med. 2019 Feb 15; 58 (4): 585591585-591.

    AbstractChronic active Epstein-Barr virus (CAEBV) T-cell type infection, systemic form, is characterized by persistent infectious mononucleosis-like symptoms, high Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA levels in the peripheral blood, organ damage, and a poor prognosis. The association between CAEBV and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is unclear. We report a case of fatal CAEBV T-cell type infection in an RA patient undergoing treatment with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 immunoglobulin fusion protein (abatacept, ABT). CAEBV can rapidly worsen in RA patients receiving ABT. Thus, we should try to establish an early diagnosis in patients with CAEBV infection.

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