• Res. Vet. Sci. · Apr 2018

    Review

    Minimum alveolar concentration: Key concepts and a review of its pharmacological reduction in dogs. Part 1.

    • Rachel Reed and Thomas Doherty.
    • University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, 2200 College Station Rd., Athens, GA 30605, USA. Electronic address: rreed@uga.edu.
    • Res. Vet. Sci. 2018 Apr 1; 117: 266-270.

    ObjectiveTo outline the major components of the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) and review the literature in regard to pharmacological manipulation of the MAC of halothane, isoflurane, sevoflurane, enflurane, and desflurane in dogs. The pharmacologic agents included are alpha-2 agonists, benzodiazepines, propofol, maropitant, opioids, lidocaine, acepromazine, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, and NMDA antagonists. Part 1 will focus on summarizing the relevance, measurement, and mechanisms of MAC and review the effects of alpha-2 agonists, benzodiazepines, and propofol on MAC.Databases UsedPubMed, Google Scholar, CAB Abstracts. Search terms used: minimum alveolar concentration, MAC, dog, canine, inhaled anesthetic potency, isoflurane, sevoflurane, desflurane, enflurane, and halothane.ConclusionsMany drugs reduce the MAC of inhaled anesthetics in dogs, and allow for a clinically important decrease in inhalant anesthetic use. A decrease in MAC may decrease the adverse cardiovascular and pulmonary effects associated with the use of high concentrations of inhaled anesthetics.Published by Elsevier Ltd.

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