• Yuki Hirano, Hidehiro Kaneko, Takaaki Konishi, Hidetaka Itoh, Satoru Matsuda, Hirofumi Kawakubo, Kazuaki Uda, Hiroki Matsui, Kiyohide Fushimi, Osamu Itano, Hideo Yasunaga, and Yuko Kitagawa.
• Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic and Gastrointestinal Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.
• Ann. Surg. 2023 Apr 1; 277 (4): e785e792e785-e792.

ObjectiveTo examine the association of BMI with mortality and related outcomes after oncologic esophagectomy.Summary Background DataPrevious studies showed that high BMI was a risk factor for anastomotic leakage and low BMI was a risk factor for respiratory complications after esophagectomy. However, the association between BMI and in-hospital mortality after oncologic esophagectomy remains unclear.MethodsData for patients who underwent esophagectomy for esophageal cancer between July 2010 and March 2019 were extracted from a Japanese nationwide inpatient database. Multivariate regression analyses and restricted cubic spline analyses were used to investigate the associations between BMI and short-term outcomes, adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsAmong 39,406 eligible patients, in-hospital mortality, major complications, and multiple complications (≥2 major complications) occurred in 1069 (2.7%), 14,824 (37.6%), and 3621 (9.2%), respectively. Compared with normal weight (18.5-22.9 kg/m 2 ), severe underweight (<16.0 kg/m 2 ), mild/moderate underweight (16.0-18.4 kg/m 2 ), and obese (≥27.5 kg/m 2 )were significantly associated with higher in-hospital mortality [odds ratio 2.20 (95% confidence interval 1.65-2.94), 1.25 (1.01-1.49), and 1.48 (1.05-2.09), respectively]. BMI showed U-shaped dose-response associations with mortality, major complications, and multiple complications. BMI also showed a reverse J-shaped association with failure to rescue (death after major complications).ConclusionsBoth high BMI and low BMI were associated with mortality, major complications and multiple complications after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. Patients with low BMI were more likely to die once a major complication occurred. The present results can assist with risk stratification in patients undergoing oncologic esophagectomy.Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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