• Linfeng Wang, Hong Ye, Zhichao Li, Chengwu Lu, Jian Ye, Mingxin Liao, and Xiaojie Chen.
• Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Nanping First Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 317 Zhongshan Road, Yanping District, Nanping City, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.
• Eur Spine J. 2022 Apr 1; 31 (4): 953-962.

PurposeWe aimed to assess the global, regional, and national burdens of low back pain (LBP) from 1990 to 2019 by gender, age, and the sociodemographic index (SDI) from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study.MethodsThe number of incident cases, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), age-standardized incidence rates, and age-standardized DALY rates during 1990-2019 were obtained from the GBD 2019 study. The estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) in the age-standardized incidence rates and age-standardized DALY rates were determined to measure the temporal trends of LBP.ResultsIn 2019, there were an estimated 223.5 million cases of LBP and 63.7 million LBP-related DALYs worldwide. During 1990-2019, the age-standardized incidence rate [EAPC =  - 0.41; 95% confidence interval (CI) - 0.46 to - 0.36] and age-standardized DALY rate decreased (EAPC =  - 0.51; 95% CI - 0.56 to - 0.46) globally. The age-standardized incidence rate of LBP decreased the most in low-middle SDI regions. The age-standardized incidence rate of LBP decreased the most in South Asia (EAPC, - 1.51), East Asia (EAPC, - 0.68), and Australasia (EAPC, - 0.26). The incidence in male subjects was lower than that in female subjects. The largest decreases in the age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized DALY rate of LBP were observed in India, and China.ConclusionsThe global age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized DALY rate of LBP showed a downward trend, especially in East and South Asia. In addition, a heavier burden of LBP was observed in older and female populations.© 2022. The Author(s).

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