• Eva M Schwindt, Reinhold Stockenhuber, Theresa Kainz, Nicola Stumptner, Martin Henkel, Lukas Hefler, and Jens C Schwindt.
• Medical University Vienna, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Waehringerguertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; STAR - SIMCharacters Training and Research, Lehargasse 1, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Neonatal Working Group, Austrian Resuscitation Council, Villefortgasse 22, 8010 Graz, Austria.
• Resuscitation. 2022 Sep 1; 178: 109-115.

Aim Of The StudyTo determine the effectiveness of a multidimensional neonatal simulation-based medical education training programme on direct and indirect patient outcome parameters.MethodsThis was a retrospective analytical study with a historical control group in a level II neonatal care unit (1,700 births per year). A multidimensional interdisciplinary training programme on neonatal resuscitation was implemented in 2015; pre-training (2012-2014) and post-training (2015-2019) eras were compared in terms of mortality (direct outcome) and the received intervention level immediately after birth (indirect outcome). Intervention levels were defined as follows: A) short-term non-invasive ventilation, B) prolonged non-invasive ventilation (>5 inflation breaths), C) chest compressions.ResultsOf 13,950 neonates born during the study period, 826 full-term newborns received one of the three intervention levels for adaptation after birth. A total of 284 (34.4%) patients received short-term non-invasive ventilation (A), 477 (57.8%) had prolonged ventilation (B), and 65 (7.9%) chest compressions (C), respectively. Comparing the pre- and post-training eras, there was no significant reduction in mortality, and no significant changes were found in groups A or B. However, the risk for chest compressions (group C) decreased significantly from 0.91% in the pre-training era to 0.20% in the post-training era (p < 0.001).ConclusionAlthough there was no significant effect on neonatal mortality, regular interdisciplinary simulation training decreased the number of administered chest compressions immediately after birth. Further studies are needed to test indirect outcome-related parameters, such as frequency of chest compressions as a measure of effectiveness and impact of medical training.Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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