• Milena Monteiro Souza, Cláudia Malheiros Coutinho-Camillo, de PaulaFabiana MartinsFMMedical Research Laboratory, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil., Fernanda de Paula, Sheyla Batista Bologna, and Silvia Vanessa Lourenço.
• Department of Dermatology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Department of General Pathology, Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
• Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2022 Jan 1; 77: 100134100134.

IntroductionHematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT) has been successfully used as standard therapy for hematological disorders. After conditioning therapy, patients undergoing allogeneic HSCT, present three different phases of engraftment: early pre-engraftment, early post-engraftment, and late engraftment. Severe complications are associated with morbidity, mortality, and malignancies in these phases, which include effects on the oral cavity.ObjectivesThe changes in the salivary composition after HSCT may contribute to identifying relevant proteins that could map differences among the phases of diseases, driven for personalized diagnostics and therapy.MethodsUnstimulated whole saliva was collected from patients submitted to HSCT. The samples were submitted to trypsin digestion for a Mass spectrometry analysis. MaxQuant processed the Data analysis, and the relevant expressed proteins were subjected to pathway and network analyses.ResultsDifferences were observed in the most identified proteins, specifically in proteins involved with the regulation of body fluid levels and the mucosal immune response. The heatmap showed a list of proteins exclusively expressed during the different phases of HSCT: HBB, KNG1, HSPA, FGB, APOA1, PFN1, PRTN3, TMSB4X, YWHAZ, CAP1, ACTN1, CLU and ALDOA. Bioinformatics analysis implicated pathways involved in protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, complement and coagulation cascades, apoptosis signaling, and cholesterol metabolism.ConclusionThe compositional changes in saliva reflected the three phases of HSCT and demonstrated the usefulness of proteomics and computational approaches as a revolutionary field in diagnostic methods.Copyright © 2022 HCFMUSP. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

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