• Satoru Kodama, Sakiko Morikawa, Chika Horikawa, Dai Ishii, Kazuya Fujihara, Masahiko Yamamoto, Taeko Osawa, Masaru Kitazawa, Takaho Yamada, Kiminori Kato, Shiro Tanaka, and Hirohito Sone.
• Department of Laboratory Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology for Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata.
• Fam Pract. 2019 Jul 31; 36 (4): 387394387-394.

BackgroundEfficacy of programs for patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) that have promoted family members to help with patients' self-care activities has been largely inconsistent. This meta-analysis aims to assess the effect of family-oriented diabetes programs for glycemic control (GC).MethodsElectronic literature searches were conducted for clinical trials with a parallel design wherein there were two groups according to whether family members were included (intervention group) or not included (control group) and changes in glycohemoglobin A1C (A1C) were assessed as a study outcome. Each effect size (i.e. difference in A1C change between the intervention and control group) was pooled with a random-effects model.ResultsThere were 31 eligible trials consisting of 1466 and 1415 patients in the intervention and control groups, respectively. Pooled A1C change [95% confidence interval (CI)] was -0.45% (-0.64% to -0.26%). Limiting analyses to 21 trials targeted at patients with type 1 DM or 9 trials targeted at patients with type 2 DM, the pooled A1C changes (95% CI) were -0.35% (-0.55% to -0.14%) and -0.71% (-1.09% to -0.33%), respectively.ConclusionThis meta-analysis suggests that focusing on the family as well as the individual patient in self-management diabetes programs to improve the performance of self-care activities of patients with DM is effective in terms of proper GC.© The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

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