• Andrés Calvache-Mateo, Alba Navas-Otero, Alejandro Heredia-Ciuró, Javier Matín-Núñez, Irene Torres-Sánchez, Laura López-López, and Marie Carmen Valenza.
• From the Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
• Pain Manag Nurs. 2023 Oct 1; 24 (5): 528534528-534.

BackgroundAlthough pain is common in non-hospitalized post-COVID-19 syndrome, only a few studies have provided information on the pain experience of these patients.AimTo identify the clinical and psychosocial profile associated with pain in non-hospitalized patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome.MethodIn this study there were three groups: healthy control group, successfully recovered group, and post-COVID syndrome group. Pain-related clinical profile and pain-related psychosocial variables were collected. Pain-related clinical profile included: pain intensity and interference (Brief Pain Inventory), central sensitization (Central Sensitization Scale), insomnia severity (Insomnia Severity Index), and pain treatment. Pain-related psychosocial variables were: fear of movement and (re)injury (Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia), catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale), depression, anxiety and stress (Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale), and fear-avoidance beliefs (Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire).ResultsIn all, 170 participants were included in the study (healthy control group n = 58, successfully recovered group n = 57, and post-COVID syndrome group n = 55). Post-COVID syndrome group obtained significantly worse punctuation in pain-related clinical profile and psychosocial variables than the other two groups (p < .05).ConclusionsIn conclusion, patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome have experienced high pain intensity and interference, central sensitization, increased insomnia severity, fear of movement, catastrophizing, fear-avoidance beliefs, depression, anxiety, and stress.Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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