• Bmc Med · Jul 2023

    Neutralizing antibody levels associated with injectable and aerosolized Ad5-nCoV boosters and BA.2 infection.

    • Fuzhen Wang, Baoying Huang, Yao Deng, Shaobai Zhang, Xiaoqiang Liu, Lei Wang, Qianqian Liu, Li Zhao, Lin Tang, Wenling Wang, Xiaoqi Wang, Fei Ye, Weijun Hu, Haitao Yang, Siquan Wang, Jiao Ren, Xiaoyu Liu, Cangning Wang, Xuhua Guan, Ruize Wang, Yan Zheng, Xianfeng Zhang, Hui Zheng, Dan Wu, Zhijie An, Wenbo Xu, Lawrence E Rodewald, George F Gao, Zundong Yin, and Wenjie Tan.
    • National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
    • Bmc Med. 2023 Jul 3; 21 (1): 233233.

    BackgroundSeveral COVID-19 vaccines are in widespread use in China. Few data exist on comparative immunogenicity of different COVID-19 vaccines given as booster doses. We aimed to assess neutralizing antibody levels raised by injectable and inhaled aerosolized recombinant adenovirus type 5 (Ad5)-vectored COVID-19 vaccine as a heterologous booster after an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine two-dose primary series.MethodsUsing an open-label prospective cohort design, we recruited 136 individuals who had received inactivated vaccine primary series followed by either injectable or inhaled Ad5-vectored vaccine and measured neutralizing antibody titers against ancestral SARS-CoV-2 virus and Omicron BA.1 and BA.5 variants. We also measured neutralizing antibody levels in convalescent sera from 39 patients who recovered from Omicron BA.2 infection.ResultsSix months after primary series vaccination, neutralizing immunity against ancestral SARS-CoV-2 was low and neutralizing immunity against Omicron (B.1.1.529) was lower. Boosting with Ad5-vectored vaccines induced a high immune response against ancestral SARS-CoV-2. Neutralizing responses against Omicron BA.5 were ≥ 80% lower than against ancestral SARS-CoV-2 in sera from prime-boost subjects and in convalescent sera from survivors of Omicron BA.2 infection. Inhaled aerosolized Ad5-vectored vaccine was associated with greater neutralizing titers than injectable Ad5-vectored vaccine against ancestral and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants.ConclusionsThese findings support the current strategy of heterologous boosting with injectable or inhaled Ad5-vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccination of individuals primed with inactivated COVID-19 vaccine.© 2023. The Author(s).

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