• Rene Augusto G E Silva, Gabrielle B Borgomoni, Adnaldo da S Maia, Cleóstones F do Vale Juniora, Eva da S Pereira, Leonardy Guilherme I Silvestre, Diego P G de Andrade, LisboaLuiz Augusto FLAFInstituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas Hospital das Clínicas of the University of São Paulo Medical School, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Fabio B Jatene, Omar A V Mejia, and Grupo de estudos REPLICCAR.
• Hospital Regional do Baixo Amazonas, Santarém, Pará, Brazil.
• J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. 2023 Oct 1; 37 (10): 193819451938-1945.

ObjectivesThe aim of this analysis was to compare the effect of extubating in the operating room (OR) versus and the intensive care unit (ICU) among patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).DesignA retrospective cohort analysis.SettingTen cardiac referral hospitals in Latin America; participants of the São Paulo Registry of Cardiovascular Surgery II (REPLICCAR II).ParticipantsThe database included a total of 4,015 patients who underwent primary and isolated CABG surgery and were ≥18 years old, of whom 205 patients were extubated in the OR.InterventionsThe analysis was made after a propensity score matching (PSM) adjustment in the population sample of patients extubated in the OR and ICU by the following variables: sex, age, body mass index, smoking, type of surgery, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, preoperative atrial fibrillation, cardiopulmonary bypass time, preoperative creatinine, and preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction.Measurements And Main ResultsThis study focused on the analysis of the ICU and hospital length of stay, need for reintubation, morbidity, and mortality. After PSM, 402 patients were analyzed. Both groups had similar baseline characteristics, such as age (p = 0.132), sex (p = 1.00), and estimated risk of prolonged ventilation (>24 hours, p = 0.168); however, the median ventilation time was significantly shorter in the group extubated in the OR compared to the ICU group (5.67 hours v 17.55 hours, p < 0.001). The group of patients extubated in the ICU had a longer postoperative stay (7.54 ± 3.40 days v 6.41 ± 2.91 days, p < 0.001) and longer total hospitalization time (11.49 ± 5.70 days v 10.36 ± 5.72, p = 0.013) compared to those extubated in the OR. The authors did not observe a significant difference in the need for reintubation, morbidity, or mortality rates among the evaluated groups.ConclusionsIn the REPLICCAR II database, extubation performed in the OR was associated with a reduced length of postoperative and total hospital stays compared to extubation in the ICU.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.

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