• Jessie W Ho, Zaiba Shafik Dawood, Jessica Nguyen, Dariel A Diaz-Perez, Meredith E Taylor, Kiril Chtraklin, Guang Jin, Baoling Liu, Rebecca A Ober, and Hasan B Alam.
• From the Departments of Surgery (Ho, Dawood, Diaz-Perea, Taylor, Chtraklin, Jin, Liu, Alam) and (Nguyen), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.
• J. Am. Coll. Surg. 2024 Jan 1; 238 (1): 324032-40.

BackgroundWe have previously shown that partial REBOA (pREBOA) deployment in the thoracic aorta is safe for 2 to 4 hours, but it is unclear whether the distal blood flow after partial aortic occlusion would lead to ongoing hemorrhage. The objective of this study was to evaluate the hemostatic efficacy of pREBOA in a model of uncontrolled vascular injury.Study DesignFemale Yorkshire swine (n = 10, 40 to 45 kg) were anesthetized and instrumented. A through-and-through injury was created in the common iliac artery. The animals were randomly assigned to: (1) pREBOA-PRO deployment after 3 minutes and (2) control. Both groups were given normal saline resuscitation for hypotension. The pREBOA was adjusted to partial occlusion (distal mean arterial pressure of 30 mmHg), and then left without titration for 2 hours. Then, fresh frozen plasma was transfused and the vessel repaired. The balloon was deflated and the animals were monitored for 2 hours. In the critical care period, 2 L of normal saline was infused, norepinephrine was given for mean arterial pressure ≤55, and electrolytes and acidosis were corrected. Organs were examined for gross and histologic evidence of ischemic injuries. The primary endpoint was post-inflation blood loss.ResultsAll the pREBOA animals survived until the end, whereas control animals had a mean survival time of 38.2 minutes (p < 0.05). The pREBOA group showed significantly less bleeding after balloon deployment (93.8 vs 1,980.0 mL, p < 0.05), and had appropriate lactate clearance, with minimal histologic distal organ ischemia.ConclusionsPartial aortic occlusion with the newly designed balloon can achieve the desired balance between effective hemorrhage control and adequate distal flow, without a need for ongoing balloon titration.Copyright © 2023 by the American College of Surgeons. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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