• Xiaohan Xu, Guangyu Liang, Minghui Duan, and Lu Zhang.
• Department of Anesthesiology Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2017 Nov 1; 96 (47): e8666e8666.

RationaleErythema nodosum (EN), a type of septal panniculitis, could be a rare nonspecific cutaneous presentation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).Patient ConcernsA 58-year-old Chinese female was admitted for a 4-week history of painful cutaneous lesions, accompanied by a sternal pain and fever. The lesions once resolved spontaneously but then recurred. Physical examination revealed warm, tender, indurated, rounded, erythematous to violaceous nodules in bilateral lower extremities, ranging in diameter from 1 to 6 cm. Blood marrow examination was compatible with AML-M2.DiagnosesAML-M2 presenting as EN.InterventionsDaunorubicin and cytarabine were used in induction chemotherapy. The patient achieved complete remission and her skin lesions disappeared simultaneously. Six courses of consolidation chemotherapy were conducted in the following 6 months.OutcomesThe patient died due to AML relapse.LessonsThe case strengthens the awareness of cutaneous involvement of AML and raises oncological vigilance in patients with EN.Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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