• Shaghayegh Dabirzadeh, Hamidaldin Bayegan, Mahdi Rezaei Kahkhazhaleh, and Mansour Dabirzadeh.
• Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences Najaf Abad (IAUN), Najaf Abad, Iran.
• J Res Med Sci. 2024 Jan 1; 29: 5050.

BackgroundMalaria, transmitted by Plasmodium parasites and anopheline mosquitoes, continues to be a leading cause of global disease and death. This retrospective investigation from 2018 to 2023 examines the epidemiological attributes of malaria in Saravan, southeastern Iran. It seeks to evaluate the prevalence, transmission causes, local population impact, and health system effects.Materials And MethodsBlood samples from suspected malaria cases in Saravan health centers were collected for this analysis. Each positive case was detailed with demographic data in a questionnaire. The SPSS 26 statistical program scrutinized data with t-tests comparing the variables.ResultsThe study indicated fluctuating malaria cases peaking in 2023, with an annual parasite incidence. (API) of 17.27. Plasmodium vivax was the predominant species (P < 0.001), with the majority of cases in individuals over 15, notably males. A significant number of cases were reported in September (20.7%).ConclusionThe findings emphasize the persistent malaria challenges in Saravan, accentuating the urgent need to strengthen prevention and control strategies. Reducing disease burden demands focused approaches, including improving prevention and treatment programs, enhancing surveillance systems, developing health infrastructures, and implementing localized therapies, especially considering recent climatic and rainfall patterns.Copyright: © 2024 Journal of Research in Medical Sciences.

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