• Meiqi Li, Benedetta Cecconi, Olivia Gosseries, Lijuan Cheng, Yifan Yan, Yan Chen, Yan Li, Steven Laureys, and Haibo Di.
• International Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome and Consciousness Science Institute, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
• Ann. Med. 2024 Dec 1; 56 (1): 24237942423794.

ObjectivesWe aim to investigate the ethical attitudes of the Chinese population toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment (WLST) in disorders of consciousness (DoC) patients.MethodsA self-administered questionnaire concerning WLST was distributed to Chinese medical professionals and non-medical participants between February and July 2022. Statistical analysis included chi-square tests and logistic regressions.ResultsA total of 1223 Chinese participants responded to the questionnaire (39% of whom were medical professionals). Less than one third of participants reported positive attitudes towards withdrawing artificial nutrition and hydration (ANH), antibiotics, and do-not-resuscitation (DNR) orders in patients with unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS) (30%, 24%, 24%) and minimally conscious state (MCS) (23%, 19%, 15%). More respondents agreed with WLST in UWS compared to MCS (p < 0.05). Positive attitudes toward DNR orders were associated with participants' older age, religion, monthly income > 5000 RMB and medical profession (p < 0.05). Most participants deemed patient's will (78%), families' wishes (67%), and financial burden (63%) to be crucial factors when considering WLST.ConclusionsChinese respondents exhibit a relatively low propensity to accept WLST in DoC. Ethical attitudes toward WLST resulted to be affected by individual characteristics of responders. These results call for developing better regulations for identifying qualified surrogate decision-makers and reducing legal ambiguities.

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