• D W Kissane, A Street, and P Nitschke.
• University of Melbourne Centre for Palliative Care, Kew, Victoria, Australia. dwk@rubens.its.unimelb.edu.au
• Lancet. 1998 Oct 3; 352 (9134): 109711021097-102.

BackgroundDuring the 9 months between July, 1996, and March, 1997, the provision of euthanasia for the terminally ill was legal in the Northern Territory of Australia. Seven patients made formal use of the Rights of the Terminally Ill (ROTI) Act; four died under the Act. We report their clinical details and the decision-making process required by the Act.MethodsWe taped in-depth interviews with the general practitioner who provided euthanasia. Further information was available from public texts created by patients, the media, and the coroner.FindingsAll seven patients had cancer, most at advanced stages. Three were socially isolated. Symptoms of depression were common. Having met criteria of the Act, some patients deferred their decision for a time before proceeding with euthanasia. Medical opinions about the terminal nature of illness differed.InterpretationProvision of opinions about the terminal nature of illness and the mental health of the patient, as required by the ROTI Act, created problematic gatekeeping roles for the doctors involved.

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