• Hongfan Yin, Randy Neblett, Yunping Mu, Qing Wu, Yan Li, Changgui Shi, and Bingqian Zhu.
• School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
• Pain Manag Nurs. 2025 Jan 20.

PurposeTo translate the Central Sensitization Inventory from English into simplified Chinese (CSI-sC) and test the psychometric properties of the CSI-sC in patients with chronic pain.DesignA cross-sectional design was used.MethodsCross-cultural adaptation of the CSI-sC was performed following Beaton's guidelines. Using a convenient sampling method, 172 patients with chronic spinal pain and 74 healthy individuals were enrolled. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), EuroQol Five Dimensions Questionnaire (EQ-5D), and Neck Disability Index (NDI) or Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were used to measure insomnia, pain, quality of life, and functional status. Associations between CSI-sC with these measures were examined for concurrent and convergent validity assessment. Discriminant validity was confirmed by comparing CSI-sC scores between different groups. Exploratory factor analysis was used for the structural validity assessment. Reliability was assessed by internal consistency and test-retest reliability.ResultsThe Cronbach's alpha of the CSI-sC was 0.886. The intra-class correlation coefficient was 0.757. The CSI-sC showed a five-factor structure (57.2% of variances). The CSI-sC was significantly correlated with the ISI (r = 0.625), EQ-5D index (r = -0.363), EQ-5D health score (r = -0.355), VAS (r = 0.290), NDI (r = 0.432) and ODI (r = 0.333). CSI-sC scores were statistically higher in females compared to males (p = .006) and in the patient population compared to healthy controls (p < .001).ConclusionsThe CSI-sC demonstrated good reliability and validity in chronic spinal pain patients.Clinical ImplicationsThis study offers a good tool for the assessment and identification of central sensitization symptomology in clinical nursing practice, which may help optimize the treatment for patients with chronic pain.Copyright © 2025. Published by Elsevier Inc.

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