• Yutao Li, Xuejiao Wang, Ye Jiang, Qun Lv, Yi Zhang, and Yu Wang.
• Department of Assisted Reproduction Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
• Bmc Med. 2025 Feb 4; 23 (1): 5858.

BackgroundThis study assessed the impact of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection on ovarian reserve in women.MethodsWe analyzed data from 38,861 infertile women undergoing their first in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment (2016-2022), including 1574 HBsAg-positive cases. A control group of 1574 HBsAg-negative women was matched by age and body mass index (BMI). Comparison of clinical characteristics, antral follicle count (AFC), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH)/FSH ratio, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), gonadotropins (Gn) days, total Gn dosage, number of retrieved oocytes, number of mature metaphase II (MII) oocytes, and the proportion of patients with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR; AMH < 1.1 ng/ml) between two groups.ResultsHBsAg-positive women showed lower basal AFC and AMH, higher basal FSH, received more Gn, and had fewer retrieved and MII oocytes than HBsAg-negative women. No significant differences in ovarian reserve or stimulation outcomes were found between e antigen-positive and e antigen-negative HBV-infected groups. DOR was less prevalent in HBsAg-negative women, and logistic regression indicated a higher DOR risk with HBV infection.ConclusionsHBsAg positivity significantly impairs ovarian reserve in women, but e antigen status does not notably affect it among HBV-infected individuals.© 2025. The Author(s).

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