• Hagar Olshaker, Dana Brin, Larisa Gorenstein, Vera Sorin, Eyal Klang, Nisim Rahman, and Michal Marianne Amitai.
• Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
• Isr Med Assoc J. 2025 Jan 1; 27 (1): 172217-22.

BackgroundOn 7 October 2023, an armed conflict erupted between Hamas and Israel, leading to numerous combat casualties.ObjectivesTo describe computed tomography (CT) findings of combat casualties at a tertiary medical center during the first 3 months of the conflict.MethodsA retrospective observational study was conducted on patients admitted between 7 October 2023 and 7 January 2024. Adults with conflict-related trauma who underwent chest, abdomen, and pelvis (body) trauma protocol CT scans were included.ResultsOf 272 patients who underwent body trauma protocol CT, 112 combat-related adults were included, mean age of 27 years and one female. In total, 82 patients (73%) underwent additional scans of the head and neck or extremities. Fractures were observed in 53 patients (47%). Vascular injuries were present in 40 patients (35%). Limb injuries were most common, affecting 37 patients (33%), which prompted a protocol update. Lung injuries were the most common in body CT: 30 patients (27%). Head and neck injuries were seen in 21 patients (18%). Multisystem trauma was present in 24 patients (21%). A total of 83 patients (74%) underwent surgery, mostly orthopedic/soft tissue surgeries (63%); 15 (13%) underwent abdominal surgery, with bowel injuries confirmed in eight cases.ConclusionsCT scans are an important tool in conflict trauma management. Limb injuries were the most frequent, necessitating protocol adjustments. Lung injuries were the most common body injury; 21% of patients had multisystem trauma. Most patients required surgery.

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