• Kathrin Strasser-Weippl, Yanin Chavarri-Guerra, Cynthia Villarreal-Garza, Brittany L Bychkovsky, Marcio Debiasi, Pedro E R Liedke, Enrique Soto-Perez-de-Celis, Don Dizon, Eduardo Cazap, Gilberto de Lima Lopes, Diego Touya, Joāo Soares Nunes, Jessica St Louis, Caroline Vail, Alexandra Bukowski, Pier Ramos-Elias, Karla Unger-Saldaña, Denise Froes Brandao, Mayra E Ferreyra, Silvana Luciani, Angelica Nogueira-Rodrigues, Aknar Freire de Carvalho Calabrich, Marcela G Del Carmen, Jose Alejandro Rauh-Hain, Kathleen Schmeler, Raúl Sala, and Paul E Goss.
• Centre for Oncology and Hematology, Wilhelminen Hospital, Vienna, Austria; The Global Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
• Lancet Oncol. 2015 Oct 1;16(14):1405-38.

AbstractCancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, and an increasing threat in low-income and middle-income countries. Our findings in the 2013 Commission in The Lancet Oncology showed several discrepancies between the cancer landscape in Latin America and more developed countries. We reported that funding for health care was a small percentage of national gross domestic product and the percentage of health-care funds diverted to cancer care was even lower. Funds, insurance coverage, doctors, health-care workers, resources, and equipment were also very inequitably distributed between and within countries. We reported that a scarcity of cancer registries hampered the design of credible cancer plans, including initiatives for primary prevention. When we were commissioned by The Lancet Oncology to write an update to our report, we were sceptical that we would uncover much change. To our surprise and gratification much progress has been made in this short time. We are pleased to highlight structural reforms in health-care systems, new programmes for disenfranchised populations, expansion of cancer registries and cancer plans, and implementation of policies to improve primary cancer prevention.Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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