• Ruth E Davis, Gina Dolan, Sue Thomas, Christine Atwell, Donna Mead, Sarah Nehammer, Laurie Moseley, Adrian Edwards, and Glyn Elwyn.
• School of Care Sciences, University of Glamorgan, Pontypridd, Wales, UK. redavis@glam.ac.uk
• Health Expect. 2003 Sep 1;6(3):198-207.

BackgroundThere have been significant conceptual developments regarding shared decision-making (SDM) and assessments of people's hypothetical preferences for involvement in treatment or care decisions. There are few data on the perceptions of patients and professionals about SDM in actual practice.ObjectiveTo explore, from paired doctor-patient interviews, participants' perceptions of SDM in the consultation and the level of consensus between the participants in the consultation process.DesignQualitative analysis of semi-structured interview data.Setting And ParticipantsTwenty general practitioners received training packages in 'risk communication' (RC) and 'SDM' to use as tools within the consultation. Forty patients with one of four conditions, for which a range of treatment options is available, were selected. Patient/doctor pairs were interviewed separately following consultations at four stages -'baseline' [general practitioner's (GP) usual consultation style], SDM training, RC alone, and both RC and SDM training. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using NVivo software.ResultsRisk communication interventions by doctors appeared to result in a greater perception of decisions being made in the consultation. High levels of satisfaction with consultations were evident before application of the interventions and did not change after the interventions. Doctors' and patients' perceptions of the consultations were highly congruent at all phases of the study.ConclusionShared decision-making and RC approaches were helpful in selected consultations and showed no detrimental effects to patients. However, the use of RC and SDM made only small differences to decision-making in consultations within the population studied. Increasing patient participation may be seen as more ethically justifiable than the traditional paternalistic approach but this needs to be set against the additional training costs incurred.

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