• Daniela Rollando, Enrico Puggioni, Stefano Robotti, Angelo De Lisi, Maura Ferrari Bravo, Adriana Vardanega, Ivo Pattaro, Federica De Benedetti, and Michele Brignole.
• Department of Cardiology, Ospedali del Tigullio, Lavagna 16033, Italy.
• Heart. 2012 Dec 1;98(23):1738-42.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the consequence of treatment delay of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) on long-term survival.BackgroundNetwork organisation based on early recognition, shortening prehospital time delays and procedural delays is the cornerstone of optimal clinical results in the acute phase of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Nevertheless, the evidence of a relationship between symptom onset-to-balloon time and mortality is weak, and few long-term data are available. SETTING AND MEASURES: In this single-centre observational follow-up study, we evaluated the long-term survival of 790 consecutive STEMI patients (mean age 68 ± 13 years; 73% males) undergoing PPCI ≤ 12 h from symptom onset, or 12-36 h in the case of persistence of symptoms or hemodynamic instability.ResultsThe median (IQR) treatment delay, defined as the time from symptom onset to reperfusion, was 180 min (120;310), fairly balanced between patient delay (80 min (40;140)) and system delay (80 min (60-114)). Patients with a treatment delay <180 min displayed lower mortality at 1, 3, 5 and 7 years (12%, 17%, 22% and 26%, respectively) than those with a treatment delay >180 min (15%, 24%, 28% and 37%, respectively). The HR was 0.7 (95% CI 0.5 to 0.9). On univariate and stepwise multiple regression analysis, field triage and transportation (p=0.0001), shorter distance from hospital (p=0.02) and male gender (p=0.02), but not clinical variables, were independent predictors of shorter treatment delay.ConclusionsShorter symptom onset-to-balloon time predicts long-term lower mortality in STEMI patients treated with PPCI. Our findings emphasise the need to minimise any component of treatment delay.

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