• P Sárkány, E Tassonyi, R Nemes, A Timkó, A Pongrácz, and Béla Fülesdi.
• Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
• Acta Physiol Hung. 2011 Dec 1;98(4):472-9.

BackgroundNeuromuscular monitoring prior to emergence from anaesthesia has been shown to be necessary to achieve adequate airway protection in order to decrease postoperative pulmonary complications. In the present study we hypothesized that stapedius reflex measurement allows the detection of residual neuromuscular blockade using the stapedius muscle following the administration of rocuronium.Patients And MethodsParallel stapedius and acceleromyographic measurements were performed on 20 patients undergoing cholecystectomy. Acceleromyographic measurements were continuously performed during the course of anaesthesia, whereas the stapedius reflex was measured on different occasions: (1) after premedication but before anaesthesia induction, (2) after induction, but before administration of muscle relaxant, (3) after administration of muscle relaxant, (4) during the course of surgical anaesthesia at regular intervals, and (5) continuously performed during emergence from anaesthesia, until the stapedius reflex threshold returned to normal.ResultsThe intensity of the sound energy at which the stapedius reflex is detectable was similar: 89.5 ± 9.9 dB(mean ± SD) after premedication and after anaesthetic induction. However, after administration of rocuronium, when the twitch height decreased to 5%, the stapedius reflex disappeared, indicating a total block of the stapedius muscle.During the recovery phase (twitch>10%) significantly higher sound energies compared to baseline values were necessary to evoke the reflex, indicating residual inhibition of the stapedius muscle. At the point where stapedius reflex threshold returned to normal the twitch height averaged about 50% showing low sensitivity of the tympanometry in detecting residual neuromuscular blockade.ConclusionsThe neuromuscular effect of rocuronium on the stapedius muscle can be detected using stapedius reflex measurements. Due to its methodological limitation and low sensitivity, the method cannot be recommended for the monitoring of residual neuromuscular blockade.

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