• Henry T Stelfox, Jaime Bastos, Daniel J Niven, Sean M Bagshaw, T C Turin, and Song Gao.
• Departments of Critical Care Medicine, and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada. tstelfox@ucalgary.ca.
• Intensive Care Med. 2016 Mar 1; 42 (3): 401-410.

PurposeCritical care transition programs have been widely implemented to improve the safety of patient discharge from ICU, but have undergone limited evaluation. We sought to evaluate implementation of a critical care transition program on patient readmission to ICU (72 h) and mortality (14 days).MethodsInterrupted time series analysis of 32,234 consecutive adult patients discharged alive from medical-surgical ICUs in eight hospitals in two cities between January 1, 2002 and January 1, 2012. A multidisciplinary ICU provider team (physician, nurse, respiratory therapist) that serially evaluated each patient after ICU discharge was implemented in three hospitals in one city (study group), but not the five hospitals in the other city (control group). Temporal changes were examined using multivariable, segmented linear regression models.ResultsAfter implementation of the program, there was an immediate non-significant decrease in the absolute proportion of patients readmitted to ICU in the study group (-0.4%, 95% CI -1.7 to +1.0%) and a non-significant increase in the absolute proportion of patients readmitted to ICU in the control group (+1.0%, 95% CI -0.3 to +2.2%). Subsequently, there were non-significant changes in the absolute proportion of patients readmitted to ICU in both the study (+0.1% per quarter; 95% CI, -0.1 to +0.2%) and control (-0.1 per quarter; 95% CI, -0.2 to +0.1%) groups over time. No significant changes were observed in mortality. The results were stable across patient subgroups.ConclusionsImplementation of a critical care transition program was not associated with patient readmission to ICU or mortality.

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