• David C Foster, Katherine H Piekarz, Thomas I Murant, Randi LaPoint, Constantine G Haidaris, and Richard P Phipps.
• Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA. david_foster@urmc.rochester.edu
• Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2007 Apr 1;196(4):346.e1-8.

ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to determine whether vestibular fibroblasts from vulvar vestibulitis (VVS) patients produce higher proinflammatory cytokine levels when provoked with Candida albicans (yeast) and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) in vitro.Study DesignTwenty anatomically defined fibroblast strains from patients and age-matched controls were stimulated with 5 regimens: no stimulus, alpha-MSH, heat-killed yeast, alpha-MSH plus yeast, and interleukin (IL)-1beta. Supernatant products included the following: granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interferon-gamma, IL-10, IL-12, IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were assayed.ResultsCoincubation with alpha-MSH plus yeast significantly increased IL-6 (3-fold) and IL-8 (greater than 40-fold) production in patients and controls. Vestibular fibroblast exceeded external vulvar fibroblast production of IL-1beta, IL-6, and IL-8 following yeast alone and alpha-MSH plus yeast stimuli in patients and controls. Substratified by anatomic origin, vestibular fibroblasts from VVS patients produced the highest relative levels of IL-1beta, IL-6, and IL-8 at baseline and following the yeast-alone regimen.ConclusionLocalized pain of VVS may results from regionally elevated cytokines produced by vulvar vestibule-specific fibroblasts.

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