• B Stewart, R Fairhurst, J Markland, and O Marzouk.
• Accident and Emergency Department, Royal Liverpool Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK. briar.stewart@rlc.nhs.uk
• Emerg Med J. 2006 Dec 1; 23 (12): 911-4.

ObjectiveTo examine the outcomes of calls to NHS Direct (NHS-D) in relation to attendance at the accident and emergency (A&E) department.DesignA prospective collection of data about consecutive calls to NHS-D North West Coast was matched with attendances at the A&E department over a period of 3 months.SettingNHS-D Regional Trust and a large urban paediatric A&E department.PatientsChildren and young adults aged <16 years living in local postal code areas.Main Outcome MeasuresTo examine (1) whether advice given by NHS-D was followed and (2) the differences in disease severity and necessity of attendance of patients referred by NHS-D and those referred by general practitioners and self-presenters.ResultsThe relationship between the advice given and subsequent action is complex. Only 70% of calls advised to attend the A&E department did so. A further 1% (176) were advised not to attend the A&E department did in fact attend the department. Patients referred by NHS-D represented only 3.2% of department attendances. There was little difference in the triage categories of the presenting groups, but there were significantly less admissions (p<0.01) in the NHS-D group.ConclusionsDelivering telephone advice about illness severity in children is difficult as visual clues are so important. More collaborative prospective studies are needed, including with primary care, to understand families' choices, and to refine and assess NHS-D's ability to discriminate those requiring further clinical assessment.

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