• K G Kreymann, G de Heer, T Felbinger, S Kluge, A Nierhaus, U Suchner, and R F Meier.
• Klinik für Intensivmedizin, Universitätskrankenhaus Hamburg-Eppendorf. kreymann@uke.uni-hamburg.de
• Pneumologie. 2007 Sep 1; 61 (9): 574-80.

AbstractThe clinical outcome of critical ill patients can be improved by standardised nutrition. However, trials meeting the standard of evidence-based medicine are rare. For this reason, standards still have to be based on pathophysiological considerations. We describe a concept of combined nutrition for critically ill patients which avoids hyperalimentation and considers also immunological aspects. An equivalent composition of enteral and parenteral nutrition allows a transition between both forms without problems. The nutritional goal is defined by multiplication of the base rate, i. e., body weight in kg as delivery rate in mL/h, - corresponding to 24 kcal/kg BW/24 h - with a target factor which varies between 0.2 and 1.8. Both forms of nutrition are complemented by immune-modulating substrates as glutamine and antioxidants.

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