• Kerri M Clough-Gorr, Eva Blozik, Gerhard Gillmann, John C Beck, Bruce A Ferrell, Jennifer Anders, Danielle Harari, and Andreas E Stuck.
• Department of Geriatrics, Inselspital Bern, University Hospital and Spital Netz Bern Ziegler and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
• Pain Med. 2008 Sep 1; 9 (6): 695-709.

ObjectiveTo explore the feasibility and psychometric properties of a self-administered version of the 24-item Geriatric Pain Measure (GPM-24-SA).DesignSecondary analysis of baseline data from the Prevention in Older People-Assessment in Generalists' practices trial, an international multi-center study of a health-risk appraisal system.ParticipantsOne thousand seventy-two community dwelling nondisabled older adults self-reporting pain from London, UK; Hamburg, Germany; and Solothurn, Switzerland.Outcome MeasuresGPM-24-SA as part of a multidimensional Health Risk Appraisal Questionnaire including self-reported demographic and health-related information.ResultsAmong the 1,072 subjects, 655 had complete GPM-24-SA data, 404 had 30% missing GPM-24-SA data. In psychometric analyses across the three European populations with complete GPM-24-SA data, the measure exhibited stable internal consistency, good convergent, divergent and discriminant validity, and produced stable pain measurements. However, factor analysis indicated differences in the GPM-24-SA across sites with discrepancies mainly related to items of a single subscale that failed to load appropriately. Analyses including imputation for subjects with ConclusionThe GPM-24-SA is a promising tool for self-administered assessment of pain in community dwelling older adults. However, because of incomplete response and uncertainty in factor structure, further refinement and psychometric evaluation of the GPM-24-SA is needed before it could be recommended for widespread use.

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