• Resuscitation · Jul 2015

    Observational Study

    Evolution, safety and efficacy of targeted temperature management after paediatric cardiac arrest.

    • Barnaby R Scholefield, Kevin P Morris, Heather P Duncan, Gavin D Perkins, Jessica Gosney, Richard Skone, Victoria Sanders, and Fang Gao.
    • Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK; School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK. Electronic address: Barney.scholefield@bch.nhs.uk.
    • Resuscitation. 2015 Jul 1; 92: 19-25.

    BackgroundIt is unknown whether targeted temperature management (TTM) improves survival after pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). The aim of this study was to assess the evolution, safety and efficacy of TTM (32-34 °C) compared to standard temperature management (STM) (<38 °C).MethodsRetrospective, single center cohort study. Patients aged >one day up to 16 years, admitted to a UK Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) after OHCA (January 2004-December 2010). Primary outcome was survival to hospital discharge; efficacy and safety outcomes included: application of TTM, physiological, hematological and biochemical side effects.ResultsSeventy-three patients were included. Thirty-eight patients (52%) received TTM (32-34 °C). Prior to ILCOR guidance adoption in January 2007, TTM was used infrequently (4/25; 16%). Following adoption, TTM (32-34 °C) use increased significantly (34/48; 71% Chi(2); p < 0.0001). TTM (32-34 °C) and STM (<38 °C) groups were similar at baseline. TTM (32-34 °C) was associated with bradycardia and hypotension compared to STM (<38 °C). TTM (32-34 °C) reduced episodes of hyperthermia (>38 °C) in the 1st 24h; however, excessive hypothermia (<32 °C) and hyperthermia (>38 °C) occurred in both groups up to 72 h, and all patients (n = 11) experiencing temperature <32 °C died. The study was underpowered to determine a difference in hospital survival (34% (TTM (32-34 °C)) versus 23% (STM (<38 °C)); p = 0.284). However, the TTM (32-34 °C) group had a significantly longer PICU length of stay.ConclusionsTTM (32-34 °C) was feasible but associated with bradycardia, hypotension, and increased length of stay in PICU. Temperature <32 °C had a universally grave prognosis. Larger studies are required to assess effect on survival.Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

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