• Jean-Louis Vincent, Paolo Pelosi, Rupert Pearse, Didier Payen, Azriel Perel, Andreas Hoeft, Stefano Romagnoli, V Marco Ranieri, Carole Ichai, Patrice Forget, Della Rocca Giorgio G Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Medical School, University of Udine, P. le S. Maria della Misericordia 15, and Andrew Rhodes.
• Department of Intensive Care, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 route de Lennik, 1070, Brussels, Belgium. jlvincen@ulb.ac.be.
• Crit Care. 2015 May 8; 19: 224.

AbstractA significant number of surgical patients are at risk of intra- or post-operative complications or both, which are associated with increased lengths of stay, costs, and mortality. Reducing these risks is important for the individual patient but also for health-care planners and managers. Insufficient tissue perfusion and cellular oxygenation due to hypovolemia, heart dysfunction or both is one of the leading causes of perioperative complications. Adequate perioperative management guided by effective and timely hemodynamic monitoring can help reduce the risk of complications and thus potentially improve outcomes. In this review, we describe the various available hemodynamic monitoring systems and how they can best be used to guide cardiovascular and fluid management in the perioperative period in high-risk surgical patients.

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