Funnel plots for comparing institutional performance.

Statistics in medicine · Apr 2005

Comparative Study

Funnel plots for comparing institutional performance.

'Funnel plots' are recommended as a graphical aid for institutional comparisons, in which an estimate of an underlying quantity is plotted against an interpretable measure of its precision. 'Control limits' form a funnel around the target outcome, in a close analogy to standard Shewhart control charts. Examples are given for comparing proportions and changes in rates, assessing association between outcome and volume of cases, and dealing with over-dispersion due to unmeasured risk factors. We conclude that funnel plots are flexible, attractively simple, and avoid spurious ranking of institutions into 'league tables'.

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- David J Spiegelhalter.
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Public Health, Cambridge CB2 2SR, UK. david.spiegelhalter@mrc-bsu.cam.ac.uk
- Stat Med. 2005 Apr 30; 24 (8): 1185-202.
Abstract'Funnel plots' are recommended as a graphical aid for institutional comparisons, in which an estimate of an underlying quantity is plotted against an interpretable measure of its precision. 'Control limits' form a funnel around the target outcome, in a close analogy to standard Shewhart control charts. Examples are given for comparing proportions and changes in rates, assessing association between outcome and volume of cases, and dealing with over-dispersion due to unmeasured risk factors. We conclude that funnel plots are flexible, attractively simple, and avoid spurious ranking of institutions into 'league tables'.Copyright 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Funnel plots for comparing institutional performance.

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